Thinking Machines Can There Be Are We Essay - 927 Words

â€Å"Thinking Machines: Can there be? Are we?† Queen F5. The bearded 5 foot 10 creature, composed of a myriad of organic molecules ranging from secretory epithelial cells to antiparallel strands of nucleotides wound together in a double helix, anxiously hauls his piece forward. Bishop G8. The metallic machine, developed by the most brilliant German engineers yet manufactured using a plain set of shiny screws, cooling fans, and electrical wires, responds with a bold â€Å"checkmate†. Unlike your typical game of chess on a Sunday evening, the contestants are far from ordinary; one of them is Garry Kasparov, a former world champion, and the other is IBM’s Deep Blue supercomputer. Yet for many, the first player is one that can pride itself with the ability to think, while the latter’s intelligence is artificial and ceases to exist without man, its creator. As such, we are faced with the ever-present question: Are machines truly capable of thinking? Not only is this question an entertaining philosophical brain teaser, but it is also in desperate need of an answer as our society becomes increasingly dependent on the cognitive powers of machines. With BBC’s recent report stating that â€Å"35% of jobs in the UK are at high risks of computerisation over the following 20 years,† the cost of overestimating or even underestimating machines’ intellectual capabilities could be devastating. Contrary to its straightforward faà §ade, the knowledge question poses numerous intricacies. What does itShow MoreRelatedWhat Does It Mean?1587 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Thinking† has become so casual in our everyday lives that we sometimes take it for granted and never really think about the process of â€Å"thinking†. What does it mean to â€Å"think†? What qualities do one need to meet to be considered â€Å"capable of thinking†? Being a human involves thinking and thinking involves experiences and emotions. In his paper, Turing questions these traits and brings in new theories to support his statement that machines are capable of thinking, using his imitation game as an exampleRead MoreAnalysis Of Alan Turing s Can Machines Think?1587 Words   |  7 PagesOn his essay â€Å"Can machines think?† Alan Turing, a great mathematician, and creator of the Turing Test presents us with the initial concept of what is now considered artificial intelli gence. He states that eventually, as time progresses, machines will be able to think like humans. But, can a machine really think like a human? Can a machine even think on its own, or it is just based on human science and engineering to make computer systems perform tasks that require intelligence when done by humansRead MoreComputers Can Not Have Minds1490 Words   |  6 PagesAlan Turing, â€Å"father† of modern computers, created the Turing Machine in order to prove, through the use of an imitation game, that computers can think. John Searle argued that the Turing Test is simply just imitating, rather than thinking. Based on Searle’s argument against the Turing Test, I think that computers cannot have minds. Although Turing argues that computers can think, there are many arguments, such as Searle’s Chinese room argument, and defenses that I will present that support SearleRead MoreThe Problem Of Cell 13, By Jacques Futrelle1156 Words   |  5 PagesEverybod y has something they love and are committed to. Unquestionably, in the short story, â€Å"The Problem of Cell 13,† by Jacques Futrelle, Professor Augustus S.F.X. Van Dusen is not an exception. The Thinking Machine, as he is colloquially known as, is challenged by associates Dr. Charles Ransome and Mr. Alfred Fielding to escape from a high-security prison cell using only his mind. Being as passionate as he is about logic, he accepts. In the story, Futrelle conveys the human experience of commitmentRead MoreTuring, Searle, and Artificial Intelligence1260 Words   |  6 Pagesof the present scenario are as follows: a machine, Siri*, capable of passing the Turing test, is being insulted by a 10 year old boy, whose mother is questioning the appropriateness of punishing him for his behavior. We cannot answer the mothers question without speculating as to what A.M. Turing and John Searle, two 20th century philosophers whose views on artificial intelligence are starkly contrasting, would say about this predicament. Furthermore, we must provide fair and balanced considerationRead MoreTrurls M1077 Words   |  5 PagesTitle: Trurl’s Machine Author: Stanislaw Lem As a boy Stanislaw Lem showed an early interest in science as well as in the imaginary worlds of fantasy and science fiction. The young Lem’s interest in tinkering mechanical devices of all sorts was put to use by secretly damaging the German vehicles during the Nazi occupation. Later on, he became a full time writer establishing himself as leading science fiction writer in Eastern Europe. This writer from Lvov Poland (now Ukraine) worked on seriousRead MoreCritique on Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibnizs Theories on the Mind1034 Words   |  5 Pagesthe mind of a substance, including humans, is not a composite entity. To Leibniz, the mind is similar to a mill, in the sense that it is like a machine where all of the parts of it work together. When, in reality, the mind is something that is complex, and needs both an intellectual and a technical side to it for it to function –quite unlike the machine Leibniz claims it is. His argument, known as â€Å"The Mill Argument†, states that if a person were to walk into a mill, he or she would observe theRead MoreAnalysis Of Searle s The Chinese Room Argument Essay1597 Words   |  7 PagesChinese Room Argument, asks, if a computer can use data to output answers does that computer understand? In Searleâ⠂¬â„¢s experiment, he acts as a computer and is given translations of Chinese symbols. He states that even though he can find the appropriate translations for the symbols and output answers he still does not understand Chinese. Prior to my previous argument, I look to investigate in what instance can the computer be thought of as an understanding machine. In order to do this, I must investigateRead MoreArtificial Intelligence And The Singularity Conference1149 Words   |  5 Pages A few days later, a journalist asked me to respond to his statement, and I answered: The coming of artificial intelligence will likely be the most significant event in the history of the human species. Of course, it can go badly, as Elon Musk warned recently. However, it can just as well catapult our species to new and unimaginable transhumanist heights. Within a few months of the launch of artificial intelligence, expect nearly every science and technology book to be completely rewritten withRead MoreThe Mind And Machines, An Oxymoron?1365 Words   |  6 PagesMinds and Machines, an oxymoron? Can machines think? This question, addressed by Descartes and Turing, leads to discussion of how thought is constructed and what is the mind made of. At the heart of the debate, there is a schism between Cartesian dualism and functionalism. Language is a method considered by both sides as evidence of thought and provides the test for intelligence. This essay will look at Descartes’ objections and Turing’s arguments for whether machine can ever think. This essay will

Communication Methods At Diageo Communication Portfolio

Diageo Communication portfolio Author: Durham University Communication Portfolio Instructor: 11 January 2015 Table of Contents Company Overview 4 Communication Methods at Diageo 4 Recommended Communication Techniques 6 Appraisal 8 Creative Element 11 References 13 Introduction Due to stiff competition, marketing has become an essential component in the management of organizations. According to Turnbull and Paliwoda (2012) marketing revolves around the manner in which organisations communicate with consumers in the market. There are two main perspectives towards the understanding of what marketing is. From one perspective, it is the manner in which organisations communicate with their consumers regarding the existing products and also commication that is geared towards creating positive perceptions in the consumer market. Thus the approach points out that marketing is a tool used for value creation. The other perspective of marketing is more comprehensive as it encompases marketing as a tool and a process in the organization. with regards to this perspective, Challagalla, Murtha, and Jaworski (2014) define marketing as: â€Å"the process of conception planning and execution, pricing, promotion and distribution of goods, ideas and services.â⠂¬  This means that marketing starts from the designing and producing products and services, to when they are promoted and distributed to the consumers. Marketing strategies of enhancing sales can be implemented anywhere within theShow MoreRelatedWine Industry2963 Words   |  12 PagesWeaknesses 7 Market/Submarket Analysis 8 Submarkets 8 Market Trends 8 Distribution Channels 9 Customer Analysis 10 Wine 10 Spirits 10 Competitor Analysis 11 Direct Indirect Competition 11 Top Three Competitors 11 Diageo 11 Brown-Forman 12 Constellation Brands 13 Comprehensive Strategic Assessment 14 Using Strengths to Maximize Opportunities and Mitigate Weaknesses 14 Strategic Recommendation 14 Implementation 15 Bibliography 16 [pic] ExecutiveRead MoreSmirnoff Ice Marketing Planning Process3683 Words   |  15 Pageschange followed with conclusions for further improvement will be highlighted. 2. Company Illustrative Diageo plc is a global company operating in over 180 markets around the world. Being focused on premium drinks, the Company operates across the total beverage alcohol sector, owning nine of the world’s top 20 premium spirits, ready-to-drink (RTD), wine and beer brands. Diageo distributes its brands under the geographic organization that comprises North America, Europe and InternationalRead MoreThe History of Heineken4266 Words   |  18 Pagesshares, realising that sweeping and rapid changes are needed. 1868 To meet increasing consumer demand, a new brewery is built in Amsterdam at the Buitensingel. 1869 Gerard Heineken decides to switch from traditional top fermentation to the Bavarian method of bottom fermentation, a totally different technique that produces a clearer, purer beer, which keeps longer. The new beer is known for its quality and is called Gentlemans Beer as opposed to Workmans Ale. A decade of fierce competition beginsRead More4ps of Cocacola7014 Words   |  29 Pagesand apple we try to reach different consumers. Because Pro is a new and innovative product for Turkish market, as the marketers, we give great importance to marketing communication strategies. We decided to use objective-task-method for our promotion and advertising budget. We decided to use integrated marketing communications with a strong and clear message â€Å"Gà ¼cà ¼nà ¼ Hisset!†. As advertisement we think of using famous sportsmen/women as opinion leaders highlighting the performance of our productRead MoreMarketing Project of Reckitt Benckiser19417 Words   |  78 Pagesfacilities, and sales in nearly 200countries. RB is ranked 6th in the 2008 European Business Week 50, the magazines annual ranking of the best performing companies within the Samp;P European 350.The companys strategy is to have a highly focused portfolio concentrating on its 17 most profitable brands, which were responsible for 62% of net revenues in 2008. 35% of net revenues come from products launched in the past three years, this focus on in novation was recognized by The Economist Corporate UseRead MoreMarketing Project of Reckitt Benckiser19403 Words   |  78 Pagesfacilities, and sales in nearly 200countries. RB is ranked 6th in the 2008 European Business Week 50, the magazines annual ranking of the best performing companies within the Samp;P European 350.The companys strategy is to have a highly focused portfolio concentrating on its 17 most profitable brands, which were responsible for 62% of net revenues in 2008. 35% of net revenues come from products launched in the past three years, this focus on innovation was recognized by The Economist Corporate UseRead MoreHedge Fund Introduction12750 Words   |  51 Pagescorrelation to traditional assets, 0 to 0.50 – â€Å"low† probability of significant losses â™ ¦ How are these to be attained? – Specific strategy – Skilfully and efficiently executed – Low, no, or tightly controlled exposure to the market – Trading methods or specialised instruments, such as derivatives, used to minimise or control risk – Identify and exploit market inefficiencies – Formulate and implement views on markets, economies, interest rates, exchange rates and volatilities 16 Who areRead MoreAnnual Report Fosters Beer64959 Words   |  260 PagesACCouNtiNg poliCieS 72 2 reveNue, iNCome ANd expeNSeS 73 74 75 3 mAteriAl itemS 4 iNCome tAx 5 SegmeNt iNFormAtioN 6 eArNiNgS per ShAre 7 divideNdS 8 CASh ANd CASh equivAleNtS 9 reCeivABleS 10 iNveNtorieS 11 iNveStmeNtS ACCouNted For uSiNg the equitY method 81 12 NoN-CurreNt ASSetS ClASSiFied held For SAle 125 121 122 124 115 119 120 114 114 105 107 110 111 112 113 100 98 99 20 BorrowiNgS 21 proviSioNS 22 CoNtriButed equitY 23 reServeS ANd retAiNed eArNiNgS 24 keY mANAgemeNt perSoNNel diSCloSureSRead MoreMergers and Acquisitions in Ghana20927 Words   |  84 PagesMerge Date 68 x         CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Background The changing economic, technological, social and political environment and new forms of competition, fueled by advances in Information Technology and Communication as well as Globalization, have combined to create new opportunities and threats for business firms. 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School Life and College Life Free Essays

Correction in marks, f any, should be communicated to the office of CEO in the format prescribed within ten working days after the day of examination of the last theory paper. The marks secured by student in the test examinations before and after addressing the refinance shall be displayed on the department notice board. Page 12 lit) Absentee examination a. We will write a custom essay sample on School Life and College Life or any similar topic only for you Order Now For GU Programmer under autonomy Students who remain absent in a Test-I and or Test II examination will be subjected to absentee test after Testes as per the academic calendar. The absentee examination would be for 15 Marks only. A student who remains absent for both Test-I and Test-II would be evaluated for 15 marks only and will lose 15 marks. This provision Is made only for situations In which the absence is either due to the student representing the college in an academic/ co-curricular and extracurricular activities at University r country level or due to reason of illness, death of a near kin, attendance of state or national level competitive exam, placement activities and other circumstances beyond control of the student. To avail this provision, the student is required to apply to the HOOD with recommendation from Course Coordinator with relevant documents. It is the discretion of the HOOD and Course Coordinator to consider application and decide the mode of examination. No student can avail of this provision for both the Test examinations in any one course in a Semester. B. For PIG Programmer under autonomy Students who remain absent in a Test-I and/or Test II examination will be subjected to absentee test after Test-I and/ or Test II within 10 working days of the end of test examination. This provision is made only for situations in which the absence is either due to the student representing the college in an academic/ co- curricular and extracurricular activities at University, State or country level or due to reason of illness, death of a near kin, attendance of state or national level competitive exam, placement activities and other circumstances beyond control of the student. To Vail of this provision, the student is required to apply to the HOOD with recommendation from Course Coordinator with relevant documents. It is the discretion of the HOOD and Course Coordinator to consider application and decide the mode of examination. No student can avail of this provision for both the Test examinations in any one course in a Semester. ‘v) Assessment of Internal marks for theory courses Test-I – 15 marks Test-II – 15 marks Attendance – 4 marks Teacher’s assessments – Two assessments of 3 marks each (The mode of teachers’ assessment shall be declared by individual course teacher on the dates specified in the Academic Calendar). Total continuous assessment marks for theory course – 40 marks. Teachers Assessment a. B. C. D. Teacher’s assessment of students’ performance of 6 marks shall be done on the basis of modes such as home assignments, tutorials, open book tests, seminars, group discussions, projects, quizzes etc. The course coordinator shall declare the mode(s) chosen for each course, within the date prescribed by the Dean Academics. In case a course is being taught by more Page 13 than one subject teacher, the modes for teacher’s assessment may be declared by the respective teacher, section wise. A student who skips teacher’s assessment or a part thereof shall be awarded zero marks under the respective head. Vi) Assessment of continuous assessment of marks for practical courses A student shall be evaluated for his/her academic performance in a practical course on the basis of continuous evaluation and End Semester Practical Examination. Vii) Marking for continuous evaluation of practical courses may be done based on the following parameters a. Journal completion b. Performance in each practical c. Internal Practical Examination d. Viva-Voce Total marks for continuous evaluation of practical courses: 25 marks. The course coordinator in consultation with Chairman Board of Studies and the respective course teacher shall declare the allocation of marks in the parameters as applicable within the date prescribed in the academics calendar. In case of performance oriented practical, the evaluation shall be done on the basis to performance in practical examination and viva-voce/bob]active test. Mode of examination for non-performance type of practical shall be declared by the course coordinator in the beginning of the session. Type of practical course I. E. Performance type or non performance type shall be decided by the respective ASS. The seminar shall be evaluated through the quality of work carried out, the report submission and presentation’s as per the guidelines prescribed by the respective BOSS from time to time. Project work shall be evaluated by mid-term seminar’s, the quality of work carried out, project report submission and the viva-voce examination. Notwithstanding contained in above, any specific norms in respect of examination, criterion of passing, results, valuation, grading, discipline, award of degree, attendance will be prepared by the respective departmental faculty board, approved by BOSS and Academic Council, if required. Iii) Attendance: The attendance of the students in theory classes should be encouraged. 4 marks are allotted for attendance. The distribution of Attendance marks is as given in Table 1 below. Table 1: Distribution of marks on Attendance S. No. 1 23 4 Attendance % ;=75 or ;75 or or ; 65 Awarded Marks 4 3 2 1 a. All the students are expected to be present in every lecture, tutorial, practical, NC / INS / SSP / Games ; Sports / Yoga scheduled for them. Attendance will be closely monitored during a semester as per the guidelines. Page 14 b. If a student is continuously absent from the classes for more than four seeks without informing the Course Coordinator, the Coordinator shall immediately bring it to the notice of First Year Coordinator/ the Head of the concerned department as the case may be and they in turn will inform the same to the Office of Dean Academics. . A student must have a minimum attendance of 60 % of the total number of classes including lectures/ tutorials, held in a course individually in order to become eligible for appearing Test I and Test II examinations in such course’s, failing which he/she will be declared not eligible for appearing in the said examination in such course’s and will be awarded zero marks. Attendance granted to the student for the period of the related activity/ event shall not be considered while calculating minimum attendance. Minimum physical presence of the student of the total number of classes including lectures/ tutorials, held in a course is compulsory for being eligible for appearing Test I and Test II examinations. D. The names of the students who have remained absent, for more than 25% of the actual classes held in a course will be intimated by the Course Coordinator himself on the last teaching day of each month of the respective semester, to the students in the lass with written intimation to the HOOD / First Year Coordinator, who will arrange to consolidate the list for all such students for all the courses and display it on the notice board of the department with an intimation to Dean Academics. E. A student must have an overall 75 % attendance of the total number of classes including lectures/ tutorials and practical. F. Student is not permitted to appear for the End Semester Examination if the shortfall of attendance exists. His/her registration for that semester will be treated as cancelled, and he/she shall be awarded ‘Z’ grade in that semester. This grade shall appear in the grade card till the successful completion to course requirements in that semester. Ix) Connotation to Attendance: Those students who have more than 75% attendance for the period other than their medical leave be considered for connotation of attendance provided their overall attendance in a course including the period of illness does not fall below 60%. A student has to apply for leave on medical grounds to the Head of concerned department and such application shall be accompanied with a medical certificate from a registered medical practitioner and endorsed by parent’s or guardian. However the decision in this matter will be finally taken by the Principal. Records keeping: All the records of attendance in Test Examinations, Question papers, valued answer sheets, summary of marks sheets, and display of marks should be properly maintained for academic monitoring. How to cite School Life and College Life, Essays